A cosmic system is a gravitationally bound arrangement of stars, stellar leftovers, interstellar gas and clean, and dim matter. The word world is gotten from the Greek galaxias truly "smooth", a reference to the Milky Way. Cosmic systems range in size from smaller people with only a couple of thousand (103) stars to goliaths with one hundred trillion (1014) stars, every circling their universe's own particular focus of mass. Cosmic systems are classified by visual morphology, including elliptical, winding, and irregular.

Maize is the third important major food crop. Phytic Acid (PA) in maize kernel is an anti-nutritional factor; it chelates mineral cations in human gut and causes mineral deficiency in humans. Therefore, development of low-PA maize is required. Breeding for low phytate maize genotypes is an effective strategy for decreasing the content of kernel PA and thereby increasing the bioavailability of nutritive minerals in human diet and animal feed. In maize, three low phytic acid (lpa) mutants have been isolated viz., lpa1, lpa2 and lpa3.